Dizel Motorlarda Benzin ve Atık Araç Lastiklerinden Elde Edilen Pirolitik Yağın Dizel Yakıt ile Karışımlarının Araştırılması
Öz
İçten yanmalı motorlarda alternatif yakıt arayışları uzun yıllardır araştırmaların yoğunlaştığı konulardan birisini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, dizel bir motorda atık taşıt lastiklerinden (ATL) elde edilmiş pirolitik yağın (PY) yanma karakteristikleri ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkileri üzerine bir araştırma yürütülmüştür. ATL piroliz yöntemiyle üretilmiş ve hazır olarak temin edilmiştir. Bu amaçla, 4 zamanlı 4 silindirli 1.9 litre hacmine sahip, multijet bir dizel motor üzerinde deneysel bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, dizel yakıtı ve %20 karışım oranlarında benzin B20(%80 dizel + %20 benzin) ve pirolitik yağ P20(%80 dizel + %20 pirolitik yağı) yakıt olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada benzin ve pirolitik yağ kıyaslanarak dizel motorlarda uygulanan çift yakıt metodunda, benzine alternatif bir alternatif yakıt araştırması yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, maksimum motor momentinin %25 kadar bir motor yükü sabit tutularak değişen motor devirlerinde araştırma yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen verilere göre kullanılan yakıtların motor yakıt sisteminde bir revizyon gerektirmeden kullanılabileceği gösterilirken, gelişmiş yanma stratejileri için bir bakış açısı ortaya konulmuştur. Özelikle P20 yakıtı kullanımında özgül yakıt tüketimi ve termal verimde iyileşme gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca B20 ve P20 kullanımları ile HC emisyonlarının kontrolüne dair umut verici sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, mevcut çalışmada kullanılan ATL’den üretilmiş PY’nin dizel motorda alternatif yakıt olarak kullanılabileceği gözlemlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Pirolitik Yağ Atık Taşıt Lastiği Kirletici Emisyonlar Dizel Motor
Destekleyen Kurum
Fırat Üniversitesi
Proje Numarası
TEKF.17.04
Teşekkür
Yazarlar, bu çalışmayı TEKF.17.04 proje numarasıyla destekleyen Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi’ne teşekkür eder.
Kaynakça
- Ebrahimi M, Jazayeri SA. Effect of hydrogen addition on RCCI combustion of a heavy duty diesel engine fueled with landfill gas and diesel oil. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2019; 44(14): 7607-7615.
- Rao YK, Krishna BB. Modeling diesel engine fueled with tamanu oil-Diesel blend by hybridizing neural network with firefly algorithm. Renewable Energy, 2019; 134: 1200-1212.
- Demirbas A, Demirbas MF. Importance of algae oil as a source of biodiesel. Energy conversion and management, 2011; 52(1): 163-170.
- Giakoumis EG, Rakopoulos CD, Dimaratos AM, Rakopoulos DC. Exhaust emissions of diesel engines operating under transient conditions with biodiesel fuel blends. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2012;38(5): 691-715.
- Öztop HF, Varol, Y, Altun, Ş, Firat M. (2014). Using gasoline-like fuel obtained from waste automobile tires in a spark-ignited engine. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2014; 36(13): 1468-1475.
- İsmailoğlu E, Pirolize Atık Lastik Yağı-Motorin Karışımının Common-Rail Direkt Enjeksiyonlu Bir Dizel Motorda Kullanımı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kocaeli 2021
- TÜİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu), [Erişim tarihi: 14.03.2020], http://www.tuik.gov.tr
- Baškovič UŽ, Seljak T, Katrašnik T. Feasibility analysis of 100% tire pyrolysis oil in a common rail Diesel engine. Energy, 2017;137: 980-990.
- European tyre and rubber manufacters’ association (ETRMA). https://www.etrma.org/, Yıllık rapor. [Erişim tarihi: 27.01.2020]
- Barlow F W. Rubber compounding: principles, materials, and techniques, M. Dekker, New York, 9–55, 1993.
- Kumaravel ST, Murugesan A, Vijayakumar C, Thenmozhi M. Enhancing the fuel properties of tyre oil diesel blends by doping nano additives for green environments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019;240: 118128.
- Bodisco TA, Rahman SA, Hossain FM, Brown RJ. On-road NOx emissions of a modern commercial light-duty diesel vehicle using a blend of tyre oil and diesel. Energy Reports, 2019;5: 349-356.
- Karagöz M, Ağbulut Ü, Sarıdemir S. Waste to energy: Production of waste tire pyrolysis oil and comprehensive analysis of its usability in diesel engines. Fuel, 2020;275: 117844.
- Doğan O, Çelik MB, Özdalyan B. The effect of tire derived fuel/diesel fuel blends utilization on diesel engine performance and emissions. Fuel, 2012; 95: 340-346.
- Mani M, Nagarajan G, Sampath S. and effect of using waste plastic oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignition engine. Energy,2011; 36(1): 212-219.
- Uçar M, Dizel motorlarda atık taşıt lastiklerinden elde edilen pirolitik yağın yanma ve emisyon karakteristiklerine etkilerinin deneysel ve sayısal olarak incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,2017.
- Chen G, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Experimental study on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with 2, 5-dimethylfuran–diesel, n-butanol–diesel and gasoline–diesel blends. Energy,2013; 54: 333-342.
- Firat M, Altun S, Okcu, M, Varol Y. of the effect of gasoline premixed ratio and engine load on the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of an RCCI Engine. Journal Of The Faculty Of Engıneerıng And Archıtecture Of Gazi Unıversıty, 2022;37(1): 541-554.
- Devarajan Y, Jayabal R, Munuswamy DB, Ganesan S, Varuvel EG. Biofuel from leather waste fat to lower diesel engine emissions: Valuable solution for lowering fossil fuel usage and perception on waste management. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022;165: 374-379.
- Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y. Comparison of ethanol/diesel fuel dual direct injection (DI2) strategy with reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) in a diesel research engine. Energy, 2022; 255: 124556.
- Imtenan S, Varman M, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Sajjad H, Arbab MI, Fattah IR. Impact of low temperature combustion attaining strategies on diesel engine emissions for diesel and biodiesels: A review. Energy Conversion and Management, 2014;80: 329-356.
- Yıldız M, Çeper BA. A comparative study on gasoline/diesel-fueled RCCI combustion at different premixed ratios and high-EGR diesel CI combustion in an IC engine under low load conditions. Fuel, 2022;324: 124596.
- Okcu, M, Varol Y, Altun Ş, Fırat M. Effects of isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) on combustion characteristics of a RCCI engine fueled by biodiesel fuel. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 2021;47: 101443.
An Investigation of Blends of Gasoline and Pyrolytic Oil Derived from Waste Vehicle Tires with Diesel Fuel in Diesel Engines
Öz
Researchers have focused on the search for alternative fuels for internal combustion engines for many years. The effects of pyrolytic oil derived from waste vehicle tires on the combustion and exhaust parameters of diesel engines were investigated in this study. ATL was produced by pyrolysis and is commercially available. For this purpose, an experimental study was carried out on a 4-stroke, 4-cylinder, 1.9 L multi-jet diesel engine. Pure diesel and B20 (80% diesel + 20% gasoline) and P20 (80% diesel + 20% pyrolytic oil)) were used as fuel. In this study, gasoline and pyrolytic oil were compared to investigate an alternative fuel to gasoline in the dual fuel method applied in diesel engines. In this study, engine load was kept constant at 25% of maximum engine torque and examined at various engine speeds. The data obtained have shown that the fuels utilized can be used without the engine fuel system needing to be modified. Thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption both increased, when P20 fuel was used. Moreover, B20 and P20 have been used to decrease HC emissions, and the results are promising. It has been found that the pyrolytic oil made from the used tires of the vehicles used in the current investigation can be used as an alternative fuel in diesel engines.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Pyrolytic Oil Waste Vehicle Tires Pollutant Emissions Diesel Engine
Proje Numarası
TEKF.17.04
Kaynakça
- Ebrahimi M, Jazayeri SA. Effect of hydrogen addition on RCCI combustion of a heavy duty diesel engine fueled with landfill gas and diesel oil. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2019; 44(14): 7607-7615.
- Rao YK, Krishna BB. Modeling diesel engine fueled with tamanu oil-Diesel blend by hybridizing neural network with firefly algorithm. Renewable Energy, 2019; 134: 1200-1212.
- Demirbas A, Demirbas MF. Importance of algae oil as a source of biodiesel. Energy conversion and management, 2011; 52(1): 163-170.
- Giakoumis EG, Rakopoulos CD, Dimaratos AM, Rakopoulos DC. Exhaust emissions of diesel engines operating under transient conditions with biodiesel fuel blends. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2012;38(5): 691-715.
- Öztop HF, Varol, Y, Altun, Ş, Firat M. (2014). Using gasoline-like fuel obtained from waste automobile tires in a spark-ignited engine. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2014; 36(13): 1468-1475.
- İsmailoğlu E, Pirolize Atık Lastik Yağı-Motorin Karışımının Common-Rail Direkt Enjeksiyonlu Bir Dizel Motorda Kullanımı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kocaeli 2021
- TÜİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu), [Erişim tarihi: 14.03.2020], http://www.tuik.gov.tr
- Baškovič UŽ, Seljak T, Katrašnik T. Feasibility analysis of 100% tire pyrolysis oil in a common rail Diesel engine. Energy, 2017;137: 980-990.
- European tyre and rubber manufacters’ association (ETRMA). https://www.etrma.org/, Yıllık rapor. [Erişim tarihi: 27.01.2020]
- Barlow F W. Rubber compounding: principles, materials, and techniques, M. Dekker, New York, 9–55, 1993.
- Kumaravel ST, Murugesan A, Vijayakumar C, Thenmozhi M. Enhancing the fuel properties of tyre oil diesel blends by doping nano additives for green environments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019;240: 118128.
- Bodisco TA, Rahman SA, Hossain FM, Brown RJ. On-road NOx emissions of a modern commercial light-duty diesel vehicle using a blend of tyre oil and diesel. Energy Reports, 2019;5: 349-356.
- Karagöz M, Ağbulut Ü, Sarıdemir S. Waste to energy: Production of waste tire pyrolysis oil and comprehensive analysis of its usability in diesel engines. Fuel, 2020;275: 117844.
- Doğan O, Çelik MB, Özdalyan B. The effect of tire derived fuel/diesel fuel blends utilization on diesel engine performance and emissions. Fuel, 2012; 95: 340-346.
- Mani M, Nagarajan G, Sampath S. and effect of using waste plastic oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignition engine. Energy,2011; 36(1): 212-219.
- Uçar M, Dizel motorlarda atık taşıt lastiklerinden elde edilen pirolitik yağın yanma ve emisyon karakteristiklerine etkilerinin deneysel ve sayısal olarak incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,2017.
- Chen G, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Experimental study on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with 2, 5-dimethylfuran–diesel, n-butanol–diesel and gasoline–diesel blends. Energy,2013; 54: 333-342.
- Firat M, Altun S, Okcu, M, Varol Y. of the effect of gasoline premixed ratio and engine load on the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of an RCCI Engine. Journal Of The Faculty Of Engıneerıng And Archıtecture Of Gazi Unıversıty, 2022;37(1): 541-554.
- Devarajan Y, Jayabal R, Munuswamy DB, Ganesan S, Varuvel EG. Biofuel from leather waste fat to lower diesel engine emissions: Valuable solution for lowering fossil fuel usage and perception on waste management. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022;165: 374-379.
- Fırat M, Altun Ş, Okcu M, Varol Y. Comparison of ethanol/diesel fuel dual direct injection (DI2) strategy with reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) in a diesel research engine. Energy, 2022; 255: 124556.
- Imtenan S, Varman M, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Sajjad H, Arbab MI, Fattah IR. Impact of low temperature combustion attaining strategies on diesel engine emissions for diesel and biodiesels: A review. Energy Conversion and Management, 2014;80: 329-356.
- Yıldız M, Çeper BA. A comparative study on gasoline/diesel-fueled RCCI combustion at different premixed ratios and high-EGR diesel CI combustion in an IC engine under low load conditions. Fuel, 2022;324: 124596.
- Okcu, M, Varol Y, Altun Ş, Fırat M. Effects of isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) on combustion characteristics of a RCCI engine fueled by biodiesel fuel. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 2021;47: 101443.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | MBD |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | TEKF.17.04 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Ocak 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1 |
