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Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 21 - 42, 22.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1429413

Öz

In this research, the performance analysis of a cathode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with an active cell area of 0.0834 m2 and a cathode thickness of 750 µm was carried out under three different operating temperatures (973 K, 1073 K and 1173 K). The power density and cell potential were calculated by determining the losses in the cell at 8 different current densities (1500 A/m2 - 5000 A/m2) for each operating temperature. It was observed that ohmic losses in SOFC have a lower effect on the cell potential compared to other losses. An increase of the operating temperature by 100 K resulted in a decrease in ohmic losses of 3.36×10-8 V under constant current density (CD). In addition, the rise in CD negatively affected all the losses in the cell and decreased the cell voltage. The exergy and energy analysis of SOFC was carried out by calculating the thermal efficiency, exergy destruction, entropy production and exergy efficiency for various operating parameters. An increment of 200 K in the operating temperature increased the thermal efficiency by approximately 2 times at a CD of 5000 A/m2. Also, the minimum entropy production was obtained at an operating temperature of 1173 K and a CD of 1500 A/m2. In this case, the entropy production was calculated as 2.63 kW/K, resulting in a maximum exergy efficiency of 66.93%.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Panwar NL, Kaushik SC, Kothari S. Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15:1513–1524.
  • [2] Al-Hamed KH, Dincer I. A novel ammonia solid oxide fuel cell-based powering system with on-board hydrogen production for clean locomotives. Energy 2021;220:119771.
  • [3] Abe JO, Popoola API, Ajenifuja E, Popoola OM. Hydrogen energy, economy and storage: Review and recommendation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019;44:15072–86.
  • [4] Du Y, Yang Z, Hou Y, Lou J, He G. Part-load performance prediction of a novel diluted ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cell and engine combined system with hydrogen regeneration via data-driven model. Journal of Cleaner Production 2023;395:136305.
  • [5] Meng T, Cui D, Ji Y, Cheng M, Tu B, Lan Z. Optimization and efficiency analysis of methanol SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2022;47:27690–702.
  • [6] Da Silva AAA, Steil MC, Tabuti FN, Rabelo-Neto RC, Noronha FB, Mattos LV, et al. The role of the ceria dopant on Ni/doped-ceria anodic layer cermets for direct ethanol solid oxide fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:4309–28.
  • [7] Yu F, Han T, Wang Z, Xie Y, Wu Y, Jin Y, et al. Recent progress in direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell: Advanced anode catalysts, diversified carbon fuels, and heat management. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:4283–300.
  • [8] Cimenti M, Hill JM. Direct utilization of liquid fuels in SOFC for portable applications: challenges for the selection of alternative anodes. Energies 2009;2:377–410.
  • [9] Acar C, Dincer I. The potential role of hydrogen as a sustainable transportation fuel to combat global warming. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020;45:3396–406.
  • [10] Boldrin P, Ruiz-Trejo E, Mermelstein J, Bermúdez Menéndez JM, Ramı́rez Reina T, Brandon NP. Strategies for Carbon and Sulfur Tolerant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials, Incorporating Lessons from Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2016;116:13633–84.
  • [11] Ge X, Chan S, Liu Q, Sun Q. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials for Direct Hydrocarbon Utilization. Advanced Energy Materials 2012;2:1156–81.
  • [12] Prakash BS, Kumar SS, Aruna ST. Properties and development of Ni/YSZ as an anode material in solid oxide fuel cell: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014;36:149–79.
  • [13] Palomba V, Ferraro M, Frazzica A, Vasta S, Sergi F, Antonucci V. Experimental and numerical analysis of a SOFC-CHP system with adsorption and hybrid chillers for telecommunication applications. Applied Energy 2018;216:620–33.
  • [14] Kirubakaran A, Jain S, Nema RK. A review on fuel cell technologies and power electronic interface. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2009;13:2430–40.
  • [15] Kariya T, Tanaka H, Hirono T, Kuse T, Yanagimoto K, Uchiyama K, et al. Development of a novel cell structure for low-temperature SOFC using porous stainless steel support combined with hydrogen permeable Pd layer and thin film proton conductor. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2016;654:171–5.
  • [16] Gong M, Liu X, Trembly J, Johnson C. Sulfur-tolerant anode materials for solid oxide fuel cell application. Journal of Power Sources 2007;168:289–98.
  • [17] Bossel U. Rapid startup SOFC modules. Energy Procedia 2012;28:48–56.
  • [18] Zhang L, Chen G, Dai R, Lv X, Yang D, Geng S. A review of the chemical compatibility between oxide electrodes and electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 2021;492:229630.
  • [19] Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK. Advanced modification of scandia‐stabilized zirconia electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells application—A review. Int J Energy Res 2021;45:4871–87.
  • [20] Ma M, Yang X, Qiao J, Sun W, Wang Z, Sun K. Progress and challenges of carbon-fueled solid oxide fuel cells anode. Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021;56:209–22.
  • [21] Jiang Y, Chen F, Xia C. A review on cathode processes and materials for electro-reduction of carbon dioxide in solid oxide electrolysis cells. Journal of Power Sources 2021;493:229713.
  • [22] Cao J, Su C, Ji Y, Yang G, Shao Z. Recent advances and perspectives of fluorite and perovskite-based dual- ion conducting solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021;57:406–27.
  • [23] Barelli L, Bidini G, Cinti G, Ottaviano PA. Solid oxide fuel cell systems in hydrogen-based energy storage applications: Performance assessment in case of anode recirculation. Journal of Energy Storage 2022;54:105257.
  • [24] Dincer I. Green methods for hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2012;37:1954–71.
  • [25] Posdziech O, Schwarze K, Brabandt J. Efficient hydrogen production for industry and electricity storage via high-temperature electrolysis. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019;44:19089–101.
  • [26] Kazempoor P, Dorer V, Ommi F. Evaluation of hydrogen and methane-fuelled solid oxide fuel cell systems for residential applications: System design alternative and parameter study. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2009;34:8630–44.
  • [27] Cinti G, Bidini G, Hemmes K. Comparison of the solid oxide fuel cell system for micro CHP using natural gas with a system using a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. Applied Energy 2019:238, 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.039.
  • [28] Jia J, Abudula A, Wei L, Sun B, Shi Y. Thermodynamic modeling of an integrated biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cell system. Renewable Energy 2015;81:400–10.
  • [29] Papurello D, Lanzini A, Tognana L, Silvestri S, Santarelli M. Waste to energy: Exploitation of biogas from organic waste in a 500 Wel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack. Energy 2015;85:145–58.
  • [30] Gandiglio M, Lanzini A, Santarelli M, Leone P. Design and balance-of-plant of a demonstration plant with a solid oxide fuel cell fed by biogas from waste-water and exhaust carbon recycling for algae growth. Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2014;11:031003.
  • [31] Leone P, Lanzini A, Ortigoza-Villalba GA, Borchiellini R. Operation of a solid oxide fuel cell under direct internal reforming of liquid fuels. Chemical Engineering Journal 2012;191:349–55.
  • [32] Cocco D, Tola V. Externally reformed solid oxide fuel cell–micro-gas turbine (SOFC–MGT) hybrid systems fueled by methanol and di-methyl-ether (DME). Energy 2009;34:2124–30.
  • [33] Jamsak W, Assabumrungrat S, Douglas PL, Croiset E, Laosiripojana N, Suwanwarangkul R, et al. Performance assessment of bioethanol-fed solid oxide fuel cell system integrated with distillation column. ECS Transactions 2007;7:1475.
  • [34] Baniasadi E, Dincer I. Energy and exergy analyses of a combined ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell system for vehicular applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2011;36:11128–36.
  • [35] Jienkulsawad P, Patcharavorachot Y, Chen Y-S, Arpornwichanop A. Energy and exergy analyses of a hybrid system containing solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells, a gas turbine, and a compressed air energy storage unit. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:34883–95.
  • [36] Zhou Y, Han X, Wang D, Sun Y, Li X. Optimization and performance analysis of a near-zero emission SOFC hybrid system based on a supercritical CO2 cycle using solar energy. Energy Conversion and Management 2023;280:116818.
  • [37] Chan SH, Khor KA, Xia ZT. A complete polarization model of a solid oxide fuel cell and its sensitivity to the change of cell component thickness. Journal of Power Sources 2001;93:130–40.
  • [38] Akikur RK, Saidur R, Ping HW, Ullah KR. Performance analysis of a co-generation system using solar energy and SOFC technology. Energy Conversion and Management 2014;79:415–30.
  • [39] Ni M, Leung MK, Leung DY. Parametric study of solid oxide fuel cell performance. Energy Conversion and Management 2007;48:1525–35.
  • [40] Chan SH, Ho HK, Tian Y. Multi-level modeling of SOFC–gas turbine hybrid system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2003;28:889–900.
  • [41] Chan SH, Xia ZT. Polarization effects in electrolyte/electrode-supported solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 2002;32:339–47.
  • [42] Ferguson JR, Fiard JM, Herbin R. Three-dimensional numerical simulation for various geometries of solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 1996;58:109–22.
  • [43] Liu Z, Tao T, Deng C, Yang S. Proposal and analysis of a novel CCHP system based on SOFC for coalbed methane recovery. Energy 2023;283:128996.
  • [44] Akkaya AV. Performance analysis of solid oxide fuel cell based energy generation systems with alternative criteria. PhD Thesis, Yıldız Technical University, 2007.
  • [45] Sadeghi M, Jafari M, Hajimolana YS, Woudstra T, Aravind PV. Size and exergy assessment of solid oxide fuel cell-based H2-fed power generation system with alternative electrolytes: A comparative study. Energy Conversion and Management 2021;228:113681.
  • [46] Sadeghi M, Nemati A, Yari M. Thermodynamic analysis and multi-objective optimization of various ORC (organic Rankine cycle) configurations using zeotropic mixtures. Energy 2016;109:791–802.
  • [47] Ranjbar F, Chitsaz A, Mahmoudi SMS, Khalilarya S, Rosen MA. Energy and exergy assessments of a novel trigeneration system based on a solid oxide fuel cell. Energy Conversion and Management 2014;87:318–27.
  • [48] Heidarshenas B, Abdullah MM, Sajadi SM, Yuan Y, Malekshah EH, Aybar HS. Exergy and environmental analysis of SOFC-based system including reformers and heat recovery approaches to establish hydrogen-rich streams with least exergy loss. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024;52:845-853.
  • [49] Ran P, Ou Y, Zhang C, Chen Y. Energy, exergy, economic, and life cycle environmental analysis of a novel biogas-fueled solid oxide fuel cell hybrid power generation system assisted with solar thermal energy storage unit. Applied Energy 2024;358:122618.
  • [50] Yang S, Wang G, Liu Z, Deng C, Xie N. Energy, exergy and exergo-economic analysis of a novel SOFC based CHP system integrated with organic Rankine cycle and biomass co-gasification. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024;53:1155-1169.
  • [51] Zhang H, Li J, Xue Y, Grgur BN, Li J. Performance prediction and regulation of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell and hydrophilic modified tubular still hybrid system for electricity and freshwater cogeneration. Energy 2024;289:129893.
Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 21 - 42, 22.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1429413

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Panwar NL, Kaushik SC, Kothari S. Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15:1513–1524.
  • [2] Al-Hamed KH, Dincer I. A novel ammonia solid oxide fuel cell-based powering system with on-board hydrogen production for clean locomotives. Energy 2021;220:119771.
  • [3] Abe JO, Popoola API, Ajenifuja E, Popoola OM. Hydrogen energy, economy and storage: Review and recommendation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019;44:15072–86.
  • [4] Du Y, Yang Z, Hou Y, Lou J, He G. Part-load performance prediction of a novel diluted ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cell and engine combined system with hydrogen regeneration via data-driven model. Journal of Cleaner Production 2023;395:136305.
  • [5] Meng T, Cui D, Ji Y, Cheng M, Tu B, Lan Z. Optimization and efficiency analysis of methanol SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2022;47:27690–702.
  • [6] Da Silva AAA, Steil MC, Tabuti FN, Rabelo-Neto RC, Noronha FB, Mattos LV, et al. The role of the ceria dopant on Ni/doped-ceria anodic layer cermets for direct ethanol solid oxide fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:4309–28.
  • [7] Yu F, Han T, Wang Z, Xie Y, Wu Y, Jin Y, et al. Recent progress in direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell: Advanced anode catalysts, diversified carbon fuels, and heat management. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:4283–300.
  • [8] Cimenti M, Hill JM. Direct utilization of liquid fuels in SOFC for portable applications: challenges for the selection of alternative anodes. Energies 2009;2:377–410.
  • [9] Acar C, Dincer I. The potential role of hydrogen as a sustainable transportation fuel to combat global warming. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020;45:3396–406.
  • [10] Boldrin P, Ruiz-Trejo E, Mermelstein J, Bermúdez Menéndez JM, Ramı́rez Reina T, Brandon NP. Strategies for Carbon and Sulfur Tolerant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials, Incorporating Lessons from Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2016;116:13633–84.
  • [11] Ge X, Chan S, Liu Q, Sun Q. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials for Direct Hydrocarbon Utilization. Advanced Energy Materials 2012;2:1156–81.
  • [12] Prakash BS, Kumar SS, Aruna ST. Properties and development of Ni/YSZ as an anode material in solid oxide fuel cell: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014;36:149–79.
  • [13] Palomba V, Ferraro M, Frazzica A, Vasta S, Sergi F, Antonucci V. Experimental and numerical analysis of a SOFC-CHP system with adsorption and hybrid chillers for telecommunication applications. Applied Energy 2018;216:620–33.
  • [14] Kirubakaran A, Jain S, Nema RK. A review on fuel cell technologies and power electronic interface. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2009;13:2430–40.
  • [15] Kariya T, Tanaka H, Hirono T, Kuse T, Yanagimoto K, Uchiyama K, et al. Development of a novel cell structure for low-temperature SOFC using porous stainless steel support combined with hydrogen permeable Pd layer and thin film proton conductor. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2016;654:171–5.
  • [16] Gong M, Liu X, Trembly J, Johnson C. Sulfur-tolerant anode materials for solid oxide fuel cell application. Journal of Power Sources 2007;168:289–98.
  • [17] Bossel U. Rapid startup SOFC modules. Energy Procedia 2012;28:48–56.
  • [18] Zhang L, Chen G, Dai R, Lv X, Yang D, Geng S. A review of the chemical compatibility between oxide electrodes and electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 2021;492:229630.
  • [19] Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK. Advanced modification of scandia‐stabilized zirconia electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells application—A review. Int J Energy Res 2021;45:4871–87.
  • [20] Ma M, Yang X, Qiao J, Sun W, Wang Z, Sun K. Progress and challenges of carbon-fueled solid oxide fuel cells anode. Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021;56:209–22.
  • [21] Jiang Y, Chen F, Xia C. A review on cathode processes and materials for electro-reduction of carbon dioxide in solid oxide electrolysis cells. Journal of Power Sources 2021;493:229713.
  • [22] Cao J, Su C, Ji Y, Yang G, Shao Z. Recent advances and perspectives of fluorite and perovskite-based dual- ion conducting solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021;57:406–27.
  • [23] Barelli L, Bidini G, Cinti G, Ottaviano PA. Solid oxide fuel cell systems in hydrogen-based energy storage applications: Performance assessment in case of anode recirculation. Journal of Energy Storage 2022;54:105257.
  • [24] Dincer I. Green methods for hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2012;37:1954–71.
  • [25] Posdziech O, Schwarze K, Brabandt J. Efficient hydrogen production for industry and electricity storage via high-temperature electrolysis. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019;44:19089–101.
  • [26] Kazempoor P, Dorer V, Ommi F. Evaluation of hydrogen and methane-fuelled solid oxide fuel cell systems for residential applications: System design alternative and parameter study. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2009;34:8630–44.
  • [27] Cinti G, Bidini G, Hemmes K. Comparison of the solid oxide fuel cell system for micro CHP using natural gas with a system using a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. Applied Energy 2019:238, 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.039.
  • [28] Jia J, Abudula A, Wei L, Sun B, Shi Y. Thermodynamic modeling of an integrated biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cell system. Renewable Energy 2015;81:400–10.
  • [29] Papurello D, Lanzini A, Tognana L, Silvestri S, Santarelli M. Waste to energy: Exploitation of biogas from organic waste in a 500 Wel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack. Energy 2015;85:145–58.
  • [30] Gandiglio M, Lanzini A, Santarelli M, Leone P. Design and balance-of-plant of a demonstration plant with a solid oxide fuel cell fed by biogas from waste-water and exhaust carbon recycling for algae growth. Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2014;11:031003.
  • [31] Leone P, Lanzini A, Ortigoza-Villalba GA, Borchiellini R. Operation of a solid oxide fuel cell under direct internal reforming of liquid fuels. Chemical Engineering Journal 2012;191:349–55.
  • [32] Cocco D, Tola V. Externally reformed solid oxide fuel cell–micro-gas turbine (SOFC–MGT) hybrid systems fueled by methanol and di-methyl-ether (DME). Energy 2009;34:2124–30.
  • [33] Jamsak W, Assabumrungrat S, Douglas PL, Croiset E, Laosiripojana N, Suwanwarangkul R, et al. Performance assessment of bioethanol-fed solid oxide fuel cell system integrated with distillation column. ECS Transactions 2007;7:1475.
  • [34] Baniasadi E, Dincer I. Energy and exergy analyses of a combined ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell system for vehicular applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2011;36:11128–36.
  • [35] Jienkulsawad P, Patcharavorachot Y, Chen Y-S, Arpornwichanop A. Energy and exergy analyses of a hybrid system containing solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells, a gas turbine, and a compressed air energy storage unit. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:34883–95.
  • [36] Zhou Y, Han X, Wang D, Sun Y, Li X. Optimization and performance analysis of a near-zero emission SOFC hybrid system based on a supercritical CO2 cycle using solar energy. Energy Conversion and Management 2023;280:116818.
  • [37] Chan SH, Khor KA, Xia ZT. A complete polarization model of a solid oxide fuel cell and its sensitivity to the change of cell component thickness. Journal of Power Sources 2001;93:130–40.
  • [38] Akikur RK, Saidur R, Ping HW, Ullah KR. Performance analysis of a co-generation system using solar energy and SOFC technology. Energy Conversion and Management 2014;79:415–30.
  • [39] Ni M, Leung MK, Leung DY. Parametric study of solid oxide fuel cell performance. Energy Conversion and Management 2007;48:1525–35.
  • [40] Chan SH, Ho HK, Tian Y. Multi-level modeling of SOFC–gas turbine hybrid system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2003;28:889–900.
  • [41] Chan SH, Xia ZT. Polarization effects in electrolyte/electrode-supported solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 2002;32:339–47.
  • [42] Ferguson JR, Fiard JM, Herbin R. Three-dimensional numerical simulation for various geometries of solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 1996;58:109–22.
  • [43] Liu Z, Tao T, Deng C, Yang S. Proposal and analysis of a novel CCHP system based on SOFC for coalbed methane recovery. Energy 2023;283:128996.
  • [44] Akkaya AV. Performance analysis of solid oxide fuel cell based energy generation systems with alternative criteria. PhD Thesis, Yıldız Technical University, 2007.
  • [45] Sadeghi M, Jafari M, Hajimolana YS, Woudstra T, Aravind PV. Size and exergy assessment of solid oxide fuel cell-based H2-fed power generation system with alternative electrolytes: A comparative study. Energy Conversion and Management 2021;228:113681.
  • [46] Sadeghi M, Nemati A, Yari M. Thermodynamic analysis and multi-objective optimization of various ORC (organic Rankine cycle) configurations using zeotropic mixtures. Energy 2016;109:791–802.
  • [47] Ranjbar F, Chitsaz A, Mahmoudi SMS, Khalilarya S, Rosen MA. Energy and exergy assessments of a novel trigeneration system based on a solid oxide fuel cell. Energy Conversion and Management 2014;87:318–27.
  • [48] Heidarshenas B, Abdullah MM, Sajadi SM, Yuan Y, Malekshah EH, Aybar HS. Exergy and environmental analysis of SOFC-based system including reformers and heat recovery approaches to establish hydrogen-rich streams with least exergy loss. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024;52:845-853.
  • [49] Ran P, Ou Y, Zhang C, Chen Y. Energy, exergy, economic, and life cycle environmental analysis of a novel biogas-fueled solid oxide fuel cell hybrid power generation system assisted with solar thermal energy storage unit. Applied Energy 2024;358:122618.
  • [50] Yang S, Wang G, Liu Z, Deng C, Xie N. Energy, exergy and exergo-economic analysis of a novel SOFC based CHP system integrated with organic Rankine cycle and biomass co-gasification. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024;53:1155-1169.
  • [51] Zhang H, Li J, Xue Y, Grgur BN, Li J. Performance prediction and regulation of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell and hydrophilic modified tubular still hybrid system for electricity and freshwater cogeneration. Energy 2024;289:129893.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Enerji Sistemleri Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Serdar Halis 0000-0002-6099-7223

Nisa Nur Atak 0009-0002-0523-6146

Battal Doğan 0000-0001-5542-4853

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 12 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Halis, S., Atak, N. N., & Doğan, B. (2024). Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures. International Journal of Energy Studies, 9(1), 21-42. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1429413
AMA Halis S, Atak NN, Doğan B. Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures. Int J Energy Studies. Mart 2024;9(1):21-42. doi:10.58559/ijes.1429413
Chicago Halis, Serdar, Nisa Nur Atak, ve Battal Doğan. “Investigation of the Performance of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell With Energy and Exergy Analysis at Different Operating Temperatures”. International Journal of Energy Studies 9, sy. 1 (Mart 2024): 21-42. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1429413.
EndNote Halis S, Atak NN, Doğan B (01 Mart 2024) Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures. International Journal of Energy Studies 9 1 21–42.
IEEE S. Halis, N. N. Atak, ve B. Doğan, “Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures”, Int J Energy Studies, c. 9, sy. 1, ss. 21–42, 2024, doi: 10.58559/ijes.1429413.
ISNAD Halis, Serdar vd. “Investigation of the Performance of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell With Energy and Exergy Analysis at Different Operating Temperatures”. International Journal of Energy Studies 9/1 (Mart 2024), 21-42. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1429413.
JAMA Halis S, Atak NN, Doğan B. Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures. Int J Energy Studies. 2024;9:21–42.
MLA Halis, Serdar vd. “Investigation of the Performance of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell With Energy and Exergy Analysis at Different Operating Temperatures”. International Journal of Energy Studies, c. 9, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 21-42, doi:10.58559/ijes.1429413.
Vancouver Halis S, Atak NN, Doğan B. Investigation of the performance of cathode supported solid oxide fuel cell with energy and exergy analysis at different operating temperatures. Int J Energy Studies. 2024;9(1):21-42.