Araştırma Makalesi
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Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 33 - 48, 30.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.358727

Öz

The performance of public transportation systems can be assessed both from the operators and the users. Operators are focused on the efficiency and profitability of the system, while the users pay attention to the quality of service provided. Focusing on one of these aspects while ignoring the other prevents the decision makers from analyzing the performance of the system properly. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the performance of bus transit routes from both operator and user perspective. Operational efficiency, reflecting the operator's point of view, is measured by Data Envelopment Analysis. Quality of service that reflects the user’s point of view is measured by a two-stage approach consisting of Analytic Hierarchy Process and TOPSIS. Thus, the operational efficiency and service quality scores of each bus transit route are obtained. Using these scores, performance improvement suggestions for bus transit routes were presented.

Kaynakça

  • American Public Transportation Association (APTA), Definition of Terms and Abbreviations, http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/ Ridership/missdef.pdf
  • Banker, R.D. (1984). Estimating Most Productive Scale Size Using Data Envelopment Analysis, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 17, s. 35-44.
  • Barnum, D.T., McNeil, S. ve Hart, J. (2007). Comparing the Efficiency of Public Transportation Subunits Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Public Transportation, Cilt 10, No. 2, s. 1-16.
  • Barnum, D.T., Tandon, S. ve McNeil, S. (2008). Comparing the Performance of Bus Routes after Adjusting for the Environment Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Transportation Engineering, Cilt 134, No. 2, s. 77-85.
  • Chang, K.P. ve Kao, P.H. (1992). The Relative Efficiency of Public versus Private Municipal Bus Firms: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Productivity Analysis, Cilt 3, s. 67-84.
  • Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. ve Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 2, s. 429-444.
  • De Ona, J. ve De Ona, R. (2015). Analysis of Transit Quality of Service through Segmentation and Classification Tree Techniques, Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, Cilt 11, Sayı 5, s. 365-387.
  • De Ona, J., De Ona, R., Eboli, L. ve Mazzulla, G. (2013). Perceived Service Quality in Bus Transit Service: A Structural Equation Approach, Transport Policy, Cilt 29, s. 219-226.
  • Dell’Olio, L., Ibeas, A. ve Cecin, P. (2011), The Quality of Service Desired by Public Transport Users, Transport Policy, Cilt 18, s. 217-227.
  • Eboli, L. ve Mazzulla, G. (2011). A Methodology for Evaluating Transit Service Quality Based on Subjective and Objective Measures from the Passenger’s Point of View, Transport Policy, Cilt 18, s. 172-181.
  • Güner, S. ve Coşkun, E. (2016). Determining the Best Performing Benchmarks for Transit Routes with A Multi-Objective Model: The Implementation and a Critique of the Two-Model Approach, Public Transport, Cilt 8, Sayı 2, s. 205-224.
  • Güner, S. (2016). Şehir İçi Otobüs Hatlarına İlişkin Hizmet Etkinliği Analizi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmesi Uygulaması, 9. TRANSİST İstanbul Ulaşım Kongresi ve Fuarı, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 8-14, İstanbul.
  • Güner, S. (2014). Çok Amaçlı Çevrelerde Birbirleri ile İlişkili Hedeflerin İlişkisel Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı (R-DEA) ile Yönetilmesi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmeleri Uygulaması, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hensher, D.A., Mulley, C. ve Yahya, N. (2010). Passenger Experience with Quality-Enhanced Bus Service: The Tyne and Wear ‘Superoute’ Services, Transportation, Cilt 37, s. 239-256.
  • Hwang, C. L. ve Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making - Methods and Applications, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2004). DEA Approach for Evaluating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Urban Transit Systems, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 152, s. 354–364.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2003). Investigating Transit Production and Performance: A Programming Approach, Transportation Research Part A, Cilt 37, s. 225-240.
  • Lao, Y. ve Liu, L. (2009). Performance Evaluation of Bus Lines with Data Envelopment Analysis and Geographic Information Systems, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Cilt 33 s. 247–255
  • Saaty, T.L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resources Allocation, New York: McGraw.
  • Taşkın, K. ve Güner, S. (2014). Şehir İçi Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Hizmet Kalitesinin Kullanılabilirlik ve Rahatlık-Uygunluk Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Sakarya Minibüsçüler Odası Örneği, 6. Uluslararası Balkanlarda Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, s.712-722, Komrat/Moldova.
  • Yeh, C.H., Deng, H. ve Chang, Y.H. (2000). Fuzzy Multicriteria Analysis for Performance Evaluation of Bus Companies”, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 126, s. 459-473.

Toplu Ulaşım Sistemlerinde Operasyonel Etkinlik ve Hizmet Kalitesi Analizi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 33 - 48, 30.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.358727

Öz

Toplu ulaşım sistemlerinin performansı hem işletmeciler hem de kullanıcılar açısından değerlendirilebilir. İşletmeciler, sistemin verimliliğine ve kârlılığına odaklanırken, kullanıcılar ise kendilerine sunulan hizmetin kalitesine dikkat etmektedir. Bu boyutlardan birine odaklanırken diğerini göz ardı etmek, sistemin performansını doğru bir şekilde analiz etmeyi engellemektedir. Bu çalışmada, otobüs hatlarının performansının hem işletmeci hem de kullanıcı açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İşletmecinin bakış açısını yansıtan operasyonel etkinlik, Veri Zarflama Analizi ile ölçülmüştür. Kullanıcının bakış açısını yansıtan hizmet kalitesi ise Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ve TOPSIS’ten oluşan iki aşamalı bir yaklaşım ile ölçülmüştür. Böylelikle her bir otobüs hattının operasyonel etkinlik ve hizmet kalitesi skoru elde edilmiştir. Bu skorlar kullanılarak otobüs hatlarına ilişkin performans iyileştirme önerileri sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • American Public Transportation Association (APTA), Definition of Terms and Abbreviations, http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/ Ridership/missdef.pdf
  • Banker, R.D. (1984). Estimating Most Productive Scale Size Using Data Envelopment Analysis, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 17, s. 35-44.
  • Barnum, D.T., McNeil, S. ve Hart, J. (2007). Comparing the Efficiency of Public Transportation Subunits Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Public Transportation, Cilt 10, No. 2, s. 1-16.
  • Barnum, D.T., Tandon, S. ve McNeil, S. (2008). Comparing the Performance of Bus Routes after Adjusting for the Environment Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Transportation Engineering, Cilt 134, No. 2, s. 77-85.
  • Chang, K.P. ve Kao, P.H. (1992). The Relative Efficiency of Public versus Private Municipal Bus Firms: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Productivity Analysis, Cilt 3, s. 67-84.
  • Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. ve Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 2, s. 429-444.
  • De Ona, J. ve De Ona, R. (2015). Analysis of Transit Quality of Service through Segmentation and Classification Tree Techniques, Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, Cilt 11, Sayı 5, s. 365-387.
  • De Ona, J., De Ona, R., Eboli, L. ve Mazzulla, G. (2013). Perceived Service Quality in Bus Transit Service: A Structural Equation Approach, Transport Policy, Cilt 29, s. 219-226.
  • Dell’Olio, L., Ibeas, A. ve Cecin, P. (2011), The Quality of Service Desired by Public Transport Users, Transport Policy, Cilt 18, s. 217-227.
  • Eboli, L. ve Mazzulla, G. (2011). A Methodology for Evaluating Transit Service Quality Based on Subjective and Objective Measures from the Passenger’s Point of View, Transport Policy, Cilt 18, s. 172-181.
  • Güner, S. ve Coşkun, E. (2016). Determining the Best Performing Benchmarks for Transit Routes with A Multi-Objective Model: The Implementation and a Critique of the Two-Model Approach, Public Transport, Cilt 8, Sayı 2, s. 205-224.
  • Güner, S. (2016). Şehir İçi Otobüs Hatlarına İlişkin Hizmet Etkinliği Analizi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmesi Uygulaması, 9. TRANSİST İstanbul Ulaşım Kongresi ve Fuarı, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 8-14, İstanbul.
  • Güner, S. (2014). Çok Amaçlı Çevrelerde Birbirleri ile İlişkili Hedeflerin İlişkisel Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı (R-DEA) ile Yönetilmesi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmeleri Uygulaması, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hensher, D.A., Mulley, C. ve Yahya, N. (2010). Passenger Experience with Quality-Enhanced Bus Service: The Tyne and Wear ‘Superoute’ Services, Transportation, Cilt 37, s. 239-256.
  • Hwang, C. L. ve Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making - Methods and Applications, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2004). DEA Approach for Evaluating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Urban Transit Systems, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 152, s. 354–364.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2003). Investigating Transit Production and Performance: A Programming Approach, Transportation Research Part A, Cilt 37, s. 225-240.
  • Lao, Y. ve Liu, L. (2009). Performance Evaluation of Bus Lines with Data Envelopment Analysis and Geographic Information Systems, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Cilt 33 s. 247–255
  • Saaty, T.L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resources Allocation, New York: McGraw.
  • Taşkın, K. ve Güner, S. (2014). Şehir İçi Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Hizmet Kalitesinin Kullanılabilirlik ve Rahatlık-Uygunluk Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Sakarya Minibüsçüler Odası Örneği, 6. Uluslararası Balkanlarda Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, s.712-722, Komrat/Moldova.
  • Yeh, C.H., Deng, H. ve Chang, Y.H. (2000). Fuzzy Multicriteria Analysis for Performance Evaluation of Bus Companies”, European Journal of Operational Research, Cilt 126, s. 459-473.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Samet Güner 0000-0002-4095-3370

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Kasım 2017
Kabul Tarihi 30 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Güner, S. (2017). Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 2(2), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.358727
AMA Güner S. Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems. JTL. Kasım 2017;2(2):33-48. doi:10.22532/jtl.358727
Chicago Güner, Samet. “Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 2, sy. 2 (Kasım 2017): 33-48. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.358727.
EndNote Güner S (01 Kasım 2017) Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 2 2 33–48.
IEEE S. Güner, “Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems”, JTL, c. 2, sy. 2, ss. 33–48, 2017, doi: 10.22532/jtl.358727.
ISNAD Güner, Samet. “Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 2/2 (Kasım 2017), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.358727.
JAMA Güner S. Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems. JTL. 2017;2:33–48.
MLA Güner, Samet. “Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, c. 2, sy. 2, 2017, ss. 33-48, doi:10.22532/jtl.358727.
Vancouver Güner S. Operational Efficiency and Service Quality Analysis in Public Transportation Systems. JTL. 2017;2(2):33-48.



The JTL is being published twice (in April and October of) a year, as an official international peer-reviewed journal of the School of Transportation and Logistics at Istanbul University.