BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 1 - 8, 06.06.2016

Kemal Balıkçı İhsan Serhatlıoğlu Selim Kutlu Mustafa Poyraz

Öz

Bu çalışmada, mobil telefonların oluşturduğu elektromanyetik alan (EMA)’a maruz bırakılan yetişkin erkek sıçanların beyinlerinde, kimyasal haberci olarak görev yapan katekolaminerjik nörotransmitterler noradrenalin (NA) ve dopamin (DA) konsantrasyonlarının değişip değişmediği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 900 ve 1800 MHz frekanslı EMA, 1 ve 5 saat süreyle uygulandıktan sonra beynin hipokampus, hipotalamus, striatum ve frontal korteks bölgelerinde NA ve DA seviyeleri yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi ve elektrokimyasal dedektör sistemiyle (HPLC-ECD) analiz edilmiştir. Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında, deney gruplarındaki NA ve DA miktarlarının, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak mobil telefonların, beyinde katekolamin düzeylerini değiştirebileceği ve bunun da, motor aktivite, öğrenme, bellek, duygu durum ve davranış fonksiyonları üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açabileceği değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektromanyetik Alan Mobil Telefon Sıçan Beyni Noradrenalin Dopamin

Kaynakça

  • Hermann, D.M. and Hossmann, K.A., (1997). Neurological Effects of Microwave Exposure Related to Mobile Communication. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Cilt:152, Sayı:1, ss:1-14, DOI:10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00140-8.
  • Balikci, K., Ozcan, I.C., Turgut-Balik, D., and Balik, H.H., (2005). A Survey Study on Some Neurological Symptoms and Sensations Experienced by Long Term Users of Mobile Phones. Pathologie Biologie, Cilt:53, Sayı:1, pp:30-34, DOI:10.1016/j.patbio.2003.12.002.
  • Koivisto, M., Krause, C.M., Revonsuo, A., Laine, M., and Hämäläinen, H., (2000). The Effects of Electromagnetic Field Emitted yy GSM Phones on Working Memory. NeuroReport, Cilt:11, Sayı:8, ss:1641-1643, DOI:10.1097/00001756-200006050-00009.
  • Nittby, H., Grafström, G., Eberhardt, J.L., Malmgren, L., Brun, A., Persson, B.R.R., and Salford, L.G., (2008). Radiofrequency and Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Effects on the Blood–Brain Barrier. Electromagnetic Biology And Medicine, Cilt:27, Sayı:2, ss:103–126, DOI:10.1080/15368370802061995.
  • Meral, I., Mert, H., Mert, N., Deger, Y., Yoruk, I., Yetkin, A., and Keskin, S., (2007). Effects of 900-MHz Electromagnetic Field Emitted From Cellular Phone on Brain Oxidative Stress and Some Vitamin Levels of Guinea Pigs. Brain Research, Cilt:1169, ss:120-124, DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.015.
  • Mausset-Bonnefont, A.L., Hirbec, H., Bonnefont, X., Privat, A., Vignon, J., and De Sèze, R., (2004). Acute exposure to GSM 900-MHz Electromagnetic Fields Induces Glial Reactivity and Biochemical Modifications in the Rat Brain. Neurobiology of Disease, Cilt:17, Sayı:3, ss:445-454, DOI:10.1016/j.nbd.2004.07.004.
  • Lai, H., Carino, M.A., Horita A., and Guy, A.W., (1992). Opioid Receptor Subtypes That Mediate a Micro-Wave Induced Decrease in Central Cholinergic Activity in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:13, Sayı:3, ss:237–246, DOI:10.1002/bem.2250130308.
  • Merritt, J.H., Hartzell, R.H., and Frazer, J.W., (1976). Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves. Ed: Johnson, C.C. and Shore, M.C., Rockville: HEW Publishing.
  • Mausset, A.L., De Se`ze, R., Montpeyroux, F., and Privat, A., (2001). Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure on the GABAergic System in the Rat Cerebellum: Clues from Semi-Quantitative Immunohistochemistry. Brain Research, Cilt:912, Sayı:1, ss:33-46, DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02599-9.
  • Inaba, R., Shishido, K., Okada, A., and Moroji, T., (1992). Effects of Whole Body Microwave Exposure on the Rat Brain Contents of Biogenic Amines. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Cilt:65, Sayı:2, ss:124–128, DOI:10.1007/BF00705068.
  • Guyton, A.C., and Hall, J.E., (2007). Tıbbi Fizyoloji. Çev.Ed.: Çavuşoğlu, H. ve Yeğen, B.Ç., İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi.
  • Aston-Jones, G., Rajkowski, J., and Kubiak, P., (1994). Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Monkey Are Selectively Activated by Attended Cues in a Vigilance Task. Journal of Neuroscience, Cilt:14, Sayı:7, ss:4467-4480.
  • Nutt, D.J., Lalies, M.D., Lione, L.A., and Hudson, A.L., (1997). Noradrenergic Mechanisms in the Prefrontal Cortex. Journal of Psychopharmacology. Cilt:11, Sayı:2, ss:163-168, DOI:10.1177/026988119701100209.
  • Ordway, G.A., Schwartz, M.A., and Frazer, A., (2007). Brain Norepinephrine. Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Ninan, P.T., (1999). The Functional Anatomy, Neurochemistry, and Pharmacology of Anxiety. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Cilt:60, Sayı:22, ss:12-17.
  • Svensson, T.H. and Mathe´, A.A., (2002). Biological Psychiatry. Ed: H.A. D'Haenen, J.A. Den Boer, P. Willner, Chichester, Wiley Yayıncılık:
  • Breitenstein, C., Flöel, A., Korsukewitz, C., Wailke, S., Bushuven, S., and Knecht, S., (2006). A shift of Paradigm: From Noradrenergic to Dopaminergic Modulation of Learning?. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Cilt:248, Sayı:1-2, ss:42-47, DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2006.06.012.
  • Myhrer, T., (2003). Neurotransmitter Systems Involved in Learning and Memory in the Rat: A Meta-Analysis Based on Studies of Four Behavioral Tasks. Brain Research Reviews, Cilt:41, Sayı:2-3, ss:268-287, DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00268-0.
  • Robert, P.H. and Benoit, M., (2008). Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Cilt:88, Ed: Aminoff, M.J., Boller, F., Swaab, D.F., Goldenberg, G. ve Miller, B.L., Elsevier B.V.,DOI:10.1016/S0072-9752(07)88031-6.
  • Berke, J.D. and Hyman, S.E., (2000). Addiction, Dopamine, and the Molecular Mechanisms of Memory. Neuron, Cilt:25, Sayı:3, ss:515-532, DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81056-9.
  • Papageorgiou, C.C., Nanou, E.D., Tsiafakis, V.G., Kapareliotis, E., Kontoangelos, K.A., Capsalis, C.N., Rabavilas, A.D., and Soldatos, C.R., (2006). Acute Mobile Phone Effects on Pre-Attentive Operation. Neuroscience Letters, Cilt:397, Sayı:1-2, ss:99-103, DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.001.
  • Nittby, H., Grafström, G., Tian, D.P., Malmgren, L., Brun, A., Persson, B. R.R., Salford, L. G. ve Eberhardt, J., (2008). Cognitive Impairment in Rats After Long-Term Exposure to GSM-900 Mobile Phone Radiation. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:29, Sayı:3, ss:219-232, DOI:10.1002/bem.20386.
  • Maaroufi, K., Had-Aissouni, L., Melon, C., Sakly, M., Abdelmelek, H., Poucet, B., and Save, E., (2014). Spatial Learning, Monoamines and Oxidative Stress in Rats Exposed to 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field in Combination with Iron Overload. Behavioural Brain Research, Cilt:258, ss:80-89, DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.016.
  • Cizza, G., Gold, P.W., and Chrousos, G.P., (1995). Stress: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications, Cilt:771, Ed: Chrousos, G.P., McCarty, R., Pacak, K., Cizza, G., Sternberg, E., Gold, P.W. ve Kvetnansky, R., New York: New York Academy Sciences, DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44705.x
  • Ferreira, A.R., Bonatto, F., de Bittencourt Pasquali, M.A., Polydoro, M., Dal-Pizzol, F., Fernández, C., de Salles, A.A., and Moreira, J.C., (2006). Oxidative Stress Effects on the Central Nervous System of Rats after Acute Exposure to Ultra High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:27, Sayı:6, ss:487-493, DOI:10.1002/bem.20233.
  • Sevgi, L., (2000). Elektromanyetik Uyumluluk. İstanbul: TMMOB Elektrik Mühendisleri Odası, Yapım Matbaa.
  • Lopresto, V., Pinto, R., De Vita, A., Mancini, S., Galloni, P., Marino, C., Ravazzani, P., and Lovisolo, G.A., (2006). Exposure setup to study potential adverse effects at GSM 1800 and UMTS frequencies on the auditory systems of rats. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Cilt:123, Sayı:4, ss:473-482, DOI:10.1093/rpd/ncl504.
  • Gabriel, C., Gabriel, S. ve Corthout, E., (1996). The Dielectric Properties of Biological Tissues: I. Literature survey. Physics in Medicine and Biology, Cilt:41, Sayı:11, ss:2231-2249, DOI:10.1088/0031-9155/41/11/001.
  • Yılmaz, B., Sandal, S., Canpolat, S., Kutlu, S., and Keleştimur, H., (2006). Kappa Opioid Modulation of Serotonergic Neurotransmission in the Hypothalamus, Hippocampus and Striatum in the Male Rat. Firat Medical Journal, Cilt:11, Sayı:1, ss:5-12.
  • Kutlu, S., Yilmaz, B., Canpolat, S., Sandal, S., Ozcan, M., Kumru, S., and Kelestimur, H., (2004). Mu Opioid Modulation of Oxytocin Secretion in Late Pregnant and Parturient Rats, Involvement of Noradrenergic Neurotransmission. Neuroendocrinology, Cilt:79, Sayı:4, ss:197-203, DOI:10.1159/000078101.
  • Kutlu, S., Aydin, M., Alcin, E., Ozcan, M., Bakos, J., Jezova, D., and Yilmaz, B. (2010). Leptin Modulates Noradrenaline Release in the Paraventricular Nucleus and Plasma Oxytocin Levels in Female Rats: a Microdialysis Study. Brain Research, Cilt:1317, ss:87-91, DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.044.
  • Kozyreva, T.V., Tkachenko, E.Y., Kozaruk, V.P., Latysheva, T.V., and Gilinsky, M.A., (1999). Effects of slow and rapid cooling on catecholamine concentration in arterial plasma and the skin. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Cilt:276, Sayı:6, ss:1668-1672.

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 1 - 8, 06.06.2016

Kemal Balıkçı İhsan Serhatlıoğlu Selim Kutlu Mustafa Poyraz

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Hermann, D.M. and Hossmann, K.A., (1997). Neurological Effects of Microwave Exposure Related to Mobile Communication. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Cilt:152, Sayı:1, ss:1-14, DOI:10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00140-8.
  • Balikci, K., Ozcan, I.C., Turgut-Balik, D., and Balik, H.H., (2005). A Survey Study on Some Neurological Symptoms and Sensations Experienced by Long Term Users of Mobile Phones. Pathologie Biologie, Cilt:53, Sayı:1, pp:30-34, DOI:10.1016/j.patbio.2003.12.002.
  • Koivisto, M., Krause, C.M., Revonsuo, A., Laine, M., and Hämäläinen, H., (2000). The Effects of Electromagnetic Field Emitted yy GSM Phones on Working Memory. NeuroReport, Cilt:11, Sayı:8, ss:1641-1643, DOI:10.1097/00001756-200006050-00009.
  • Nittby, H., Grafström, G., Eberhardt, J.L., Malmgren, L., Brun, A., Persson, B.R.R., and Salford, L.G., (2008). Radiofrequency and Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Effects on the Blood–Brain Barrier. Electromagnetic Biology And Medicine, Cilt:27, Sayı:2, ss:103–126, DOI:10.1080/15368370802061995.
  • Meral, I., Mert, H., Mert, N., Deger, Y., Yoruk, I., Yetkin, A., and Keskin, S., (2007). Effects of 900-MHz Electromagnetic Field Emitted From Cellular Phone on Brain Oxidative Stress and Some Vitamin Levels of Guinea Pigs. Brain Research, Cilt:1169, ss:120-124, DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.015.
  • Mausset-Bonnefont, A.L., Hirbec, H., Bonnefont, X., Privat, A., Vignon, J., and De Sèze, R., (2004). Acute exposure to GSM 900-MHz Electromagnetic Fields Induces Glial Reactivity and Biochemical Modifications in the Rat Brain. Neurobiology of Disease, Cilt:17, Sayı:3, ss:445-454, DOI:10.1016/j.nbd.2004.07.004.
  • Lai, H., Carino, M.A., Horita A., and Guy, A.W., (1992). Opioid Receptor Subtypes That Mediate a Micro-Wave Induced Decrease in Central Cholinergic Activity in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:13, Sayı:3, ss:237–246, DOI:10.1002/bem.2250130308.
  • Merritt, J.H., Hartzell, R.H., and Frazer, J.W., (1976). Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves. Ed: Johnson, C.C. and Shore, M.C., Rockville: HEW Publishing.
  • Mausset, A.L., De Se`ze, R., Montpeyroux, F., and Privat, A., (2001). Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure on the GABAergic System in the Rat Cerebellum: Clues from Semi-Quantitative Immunohistochemistry. Brain Research, Cilt:912, Sayı:1, ss:33-46, DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02599-9.
  • Inaba, R., Shishido, K., Okada, A., and Moroji, T., (1992). Effects of Whole Body Microwave Exposure on the Rat Brain Contents of Biogenic Amines. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Cilt:65, Sayı:2, ss:124–128, DOI:10.1007/BF00705068.
  • Guyton, A.C., and Hall, J.E., (2007). Tıbbi Fizyoloji. Çev.Ed.: Çavuşoğlu, H. ve Yeğen, B.Ç., İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi.
  • Aston-Jones, G., Rajkowski, J., and Kubiak, P., (1994). Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Monkey Are Selectively Activated by Attended Cues in a Vigilance Task. Journal of Neuroscience, Cilt:14, Sayı:7, ss:4467-4480.
  • Nutt, D.J., Lalies, M.D., Lione, L.A., and Hudson, A.L., (1997). Noradrenergic Mechanisms in the Prefrontal Cortex. Journal of Psychopharmacology. Cilt:11, Sayı:2, ss:163-168, DOI:10.1177/026988119701100209.
  • Ordway, G.A., Schwartz, M.A., and Frazer, A., (2007). Brain Norepinephrine. Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Ninan, P.T., (1999). The Functional Anatomy, Neurochemistry, and Pharmacology of Anxiety. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Cilt:60, Sayı:22, ss:12-17.
  • Svensson, T.H. and Mathe´, A.A., (2002). Biological Psychiatry. Ed: H.A. D'Haenen, J.A. Den Boer, P. Willner, Chichester, Wiley Yayıncılık:
  • Breitenstein, C., Flöel, A., Korsukewitz, C., Wailke, S., Bushuven, S., and Knecht, S., (2006). A shift of Paradigm: From Noradrenergic to Dopaminergic Modulation of Learning?. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Cilt:248, Sayı:1-2, ss:42-47, DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2006.06.012.
  • Myhrer, T., (2003). Neurotransmitter Systems Involved in Learning and Memory in the Rat: A Meta-Analysis Based on Studies of Four Behavioral Tasks. Brain Research Reviews, Cilt:41, Sayı:2-3, ss:268-287, DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00268-0.
  • Robert, P.H. and Benoit, M., (2008). Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Cilt:88, Ed: Aminoff, M.J., Boller, F., Swaab, D.F., Goldenberg, G. ve Miller, B.L., Elsevier B.V.,DOI:10.1016/S0072-9752(07)88031-6.
  • Berke, J.D. and Hyman, S.E., (2000). Addiction, Dopamine, and the Molecular Mechanisms of Memory. Neuron, Cilt:25, Sayı:3, ss:515-532, DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81056-9.
  • Papageorgiou, C.C., Nanou, E.D., Tsiafakis, V.G., Kapareliotis, E., Kontoangelos, K.A., Capsalis, C.N., Rabavilas, A.D., and Soldatos, C.R., (2006). Acute Mobile Phone Effects on Pre-Attentive Operation. Neuroscience Letters, Cilt:397, Sayı:1-2, ss:99-103, DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.001.
  • Nittby, H., Grafström, G., Tian, D.P., Malmgren, L., Brun, A., Persson, B. R.R., Salford, L. G. ve Eberhardt, J., (2008). Cognitive Impairment in Rats After Long-Term Exposure to GSM-900 Mobile Phone Radiation. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:29, Sayı:3, ss:219-232, DOI:10.1002/bem.20386.
  • Maaroufi, K., Had-Aissouni, L., Melon, C., Sakly, M., Abdelmelek, H., Poucet, B., and Save, E., (2014). Spatial Learning, Monoamines and Oxidative Stress in Rats Exposed to 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field in Combination with Iron Overload. Behavioural Brain Research, Cilt:258, ss:80-89, DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.016.
  • Cizza, G., Gold, P.W., and Chrousos, G.P., (1995). Stress: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications, Cilt:771, Ed: Chrousos, G.P., McCarty, R., Pacak, K., Cizza, G., Sternberg, E., Gold, P.W. ve Kvetnansky, R., New York: New York Academy Sciences, DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44705.x
  • Ferreira, A.R., Bonatto, F., de Bittencourt Pasquali, M.A., Polydoro, M., Dal-Pizzol, F., Fernández, C., de Salles, A.A., and Moreira, J.C., (2006). Oxidative Stress Effects on the Central Nervous System of Rats after Acute Exposure to Ultra High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. Bioelectromagnetics, Cilt:27, Sayı:6, ss:487-493, DOI:10.1002/bem.20233.
  • Sevgi, L., (2000). Elektromanyetik Uyumluluk. İstanbul: TMMOB Elektrik Mühendisleri Odası, Yapım Matbaa.
  • Lopresto, V., Pinto, R., De Vita, A., Mancini, S., Galloni, P., Marino, C., Ravazzani, P., and Lovisolo, G.A., (2006). Exposure setup to study potential adverse effects at GSM 1800 and UMTS frequencies on the auditory systems of rats. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Cilt:123, Sayı:4, ss:473-482, DOI:10.1093/rpd/ncl504.
  • Gabriel, C., Gabriel, S. ve Corthout, E., (1996). The Dielectric Properties of Biological Tissues: I. Literature survey. Physics in Medicine and Biology, Cilt:41, Sayı:11, ss:2231-2249, DOI:10.1088/0031-9155/41/11/001.
  • Yılmaz, B., Sandal, S., Canpolat, S., Kutlu, S., and Keleştimur, H., (2006). Kappa Opioid Modulation of Serotonergic Neurotransmission in the Hypothalamus, Hippocampus and Striatum in the Male Rat. Firat Medical Journal, Cilt:11, Sayı:1, ss:5-12.
  • Kutlu, S., Yilmaz, B., Canpolat, S., Sandal, S., Ozcan, M., Kumru, S., and Kelestimur, H., (2004). Mu Opioid Modulation of Oxytocin Secretion in Late Pregnant and Parturient Rats, Involvement of Noradrenergic Neurotransmission. Neuroendocrinology, Cilt:79, Sayı:4, ss:197-203, DOI:10.1159/000078101.
  • Kutlu, S., Aydin, M., Alcin, E., Ozcan, M., Bakos, J., Jezova, D., and Yilmaz, B. (2010). Leptin Modulates Noradrenaline Release in the Paraventricular Nucleus and Plasma Oxytocin Levels in Female Rats: a Microdialysis Study. Brain Research, Cilt:1317, ss:87-91, DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.044.
  • Kozyreva, T.V., Tkachenko, E.Y., Kozaruk, V.P., Latysheva, T.V., and Gilinsky, M.A., (1999). Effects of slow and rapid cooling on catecholamine concentration in arterial plasma and the skin. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Cilt:276, Sayı:6, ss:1668-1672.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kemal Balıkçı

İhsan Serhatlıoğlu Bu kişi benim

Selim Kutlu Bu kişi benim

Mustafa Poyraz

Yayımlanma Tarihi 6 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Balıkçı, K., Serhatlıoğlu, İ., Kutlu, S., Poyraz, M. (2016). SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ. Medical Sciences, 11(3), 1-8.
AMA Balıkçı K, Serhatlıoğlu İ, Kutlu S, Poyraz M. SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ. Medical Sciences. Haziran 2016;11(3):1-8.
Chicago Balıkçı, Kemal, İhsan Serhatlıoğlu, Selim Kutlu, ve Mustafa Poyraz. “SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ”. Medical Sciences 11, sy. 3 (Haziran 2016): 1-8.
EndNote Balıkçı K, Serhatlıoğlu İ, Kutlu S, Poyraz M (01 Haziran 2016) SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ. Medical Sciences 11 3 1–8.
IEEE K. Balıkçı, İ. Serhatlıoğlu, S. Kutlu, ve M. Poyraz, “SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ”, Medical Sciences, c. 11, sy. 3, ss. 1–8, 2016.
ISNAD Balıkçı, Kemal vd. “SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ”. Medical Sciences 11/3 (Haziran 2016), 1-8.
JAMA Balıkçı K, Serhatlıoğlu İ, Kutlu S, Poyraz M. SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ. Medical Sciences. 2016;11:1–8.
MLA Balıkçı, Kemal vd. “SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ”. Medical Sciences, c. 11, sy. 3, 2016, ss. 1-8.
Vancouver Balıkçı K, Serhatlıoğlu İ, Kutlu S, Poyraz M. SIÇANLARDA İN VİVO OLARAK ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANA MARUZ KALMANIN BEYİN DOKULARINDAKİ KATEKOLAMİNERJİK NÖROTRANSMİTTER DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ. Medical Sciences. 2016;11(3):1-8.