Öz
Trafikteki araç sayısı ve şehirlerdeki nüfus yoğunluğu refah seviyesindeki yükseliş ile birlikte artmaktadır. Bu durumunun yanında insanlar trafik ile ilgili yeterince bilgi sahibi değildir. Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü’ne göre Türkiye’deki trafik kazalarının 2017 yılındaki sayısı 1.202.716’dır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün verilerine göre dünya çapındaki trafik kazalarındaki ölüm sayıları her yıl yaklaşık olarak 1.35 milyondur. Bu bilgiler göz önünde tutulduğunda trafik eğitiminin önemi ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu amaçla, bu çalışma kapsamında teorik ve pratik olmak üzere bir trafik eğitim sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Sistemin teorik ayağında trafik, motor ve ilkyardım bilgisi olmak üzere üç konu başlıklı testler yer almaktır. Teorik aşama her kullanıcı için 10 adet test içermektedir. Sistemin diğer bir parçası ise sistemin donanımsal ayağı ve simülasyon yazılımından oluşmaktadır. Sistemin genel olarak kullanımında, bir kullanıcı ilk olarak üç konu başlığında girdiği test sınavında %70 oranında başarılı olmalıdır. Bu şartı sağladıktan sonra kullanıcı simülatör eğitimine geçebilir. Simülatör direksiyon, pedal sistemi, vites kolu, sürücü koltuğu, simülasyon ekranı ve sanal ortam yazılımlarından oluşmaktadır. Bu sistem sayesinde acemi sürücüler gerçek hayatın risklerinden uzak olarak tecrübe kazanmaları mümkün olacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sürücü simülatörü sürücü eğitimi sanal gerçeklik trafik kazalarını önleme
Kaynakça
- The General Directorate of Highways, "traffic accidents summary," 2014. [Online]. Available: www.kgm.gov.tr/SiteCollectionDocuments/KGMdocuments/Trafik/TrafikKazalariOzeti2017.pdf. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
- World Health Organization, " Road traffic injuries,". [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
- B. Reımer, L. A. D'ambrosıo, J. E. Coughlın, M. E. Kafrıssen, And J. Bıederman, "Using Self-Reported Data to Assess the Validity of Driving Simulation Data.," Behavior Research Methods, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 314-324, 2006.
- A. Calvi and F. Bella, "Modeling Speed Differential Parameters in Day and Night Environments Using Driving Simulator," Procedia Engineering, vol. 84, pp. 648-661, 2014.
- M. Ristoa ve M. H. Martens, «Driver Headway Choice: A Comparison Between Driving Simulator and Real-Road Driving,» Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 25, pp. 1-9, 2014.
- F. Bella, "Driver perception hypothesis: Driving simulator study," Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, vol. 24, pp. 183-196, 2014.
- Hans Antonsona, A. Jägerbrand ve C. Ahlström, ”Experiencing Moose and Landscape While Driving: A Simulator and Questionnaire Study,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, 41, pp. 91-100, 2015.
- C. Ahlström, A. Anund, C. Fors, and T. Åkerstedt, “The effect of daylight versus darkness on driver sleepiness: a driving simulator study,” J. Sleep Res., vol. 27, no. 3, p. e12642, Jun. 2018.
- A. Dosovitskiy, G. Ros, F. Codevilla, A. Lopez, and V. Koltun, “CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulator,” ArXivID: 1711.03938, Nov. 2017.
- W. Wang, Q. Cheng, C. Li, D. André, and X. Jiang, “A cross-cultural analysis of driving behavior under critical situations: A driving simulator study,” Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav., vol. 62, pp. 483–493, Apr. 2019.
- I. Oztel Ve C. Oz, “Developing a Virtual Driving Simulator for Educational Purposes,” Balkan Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering, 2, no. 2, pp. 51-54, 2014.
- L. MeulenerS ve M. Fraser, “A Validation Study of Driving Errors Using a Driving Simulator,” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 29, pp. 14-21, 2015.
- F. Bella, A. Calvi ve F. D'Amico, “Analysis of Driver Speeds Under Night Driving Conditions Using a Driving Simulator,” Journal of Safety Research, 49, pp. 45-52, 2014.
- T. Imamura, T. Ogi, E. T. C. Lun, Z. Zhang Ve T. Miyake, “Trial Study of Traffic Safety Education for High School Students Using Driving Simulator,” in Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2013.
- P. Backlund, H. Engstrom, M. Johannesson Ve M. Lebram, “Games and Traffic Safety - an Experimental Study in a Game-Based Simulation Environment,” Information Visualization, 2007. IV '07. 11th International Conference, Zurich, 2007.
- F. Rosey ve J.-M. Auberlet, “Driving Simulator Configuration Impacts Drivers’ Behavior And Control Performance: An Example with Studies of a Rural Intersection,” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 27, pp. 99-111, 2014.
- J. Lauritsen and M. Hansen, “PW 2532 Use of a car-driving simulator in rehabilitation and driving assessment of patients after trauma,” in Abstracts, 2018, p. A260.2-A261.
- W. Wang, Q. Cheng, C. Li, D. André, and X. Jiang, “A cross-cultural analysis of driving behavior under critical situations: A driving simulator study,” Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav., vol. 62, pp. 483–493, Apr. 2019.
- The General Directorate of Security, “2019 Yılı Trafik Ceza Rehberi,”. [Online]. Available: https://www.egm.gov.tr/trafik-cezalari-hakkinda-bilgi-almak-istiyorum. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
Öz
The numbers of vehicles in the traffic and population density have been increased with rising affluence. Besides this situation, people are not enough information about the traffic. In 2013, the number of road accidents was 1.207.354 in Turkey according to the Turkish Statistical Institute. World Health Organization’s data in 2013 says that worldwide the total number of road traffic deaths is about 1.24 million per year. Along with these motivations, we developed a system for traffic education with both theoretical and practical exercises. The theoretical part of the system includes some tests which are about traffic, engine of vehicle and first aid information. The theoretical system has 10 test questions for each user. Another part of the system is a simulator with software and hardware. Firstly, in the system, a user answers the test and he/she should be successful at least 70 percent. Then, the user can use the simulator. The simulator includes a steering wheel, a pedal system, a shift knob, a driver seat, a visual display and a virtual platform with software. With this system, inexperienced drivers will be able to acquire experience.
Anahtar Kelimeler
driving simulator driver education virtual reality traffic accident prevention
Kaynakça
- The General Directorate of Highways, "traffic accidents summary," 2014. [Online]. Available: www.kgm.gov.tr/SiteCollectionDocuments/KGMdocuments/Trafik/TrafikKazalariOzeti2017.pdf. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
- World Health Organization, " Road traffic injuries,". [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
- B. Reımer, L. A. D'ambrosıo, J. E. Coughlın, M. E. Kafrıssen, And J. Bıederman, "Using Self-Reported Data to Assess the Validity of Driving Simulation Data.," Behavior Research Methods, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 314-324, 2006.
- A. Calvi and F. Bella, "Modeling Speed Differential Parameters in Day and Night Environments Using Driving Simulator," Procedia Engineering, vol. 84, pp. 648-661, 2014.
- M. Ristoa ve M. H. Martens, «Driver Headway Choice: A Comparison Between Driving Simulator and Real-Road Driving,» Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 25, pp. 1-9, 2014.
- F. Bella, "Driver perception hypothesis: Driving simulator study," Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, vol. 24, pp. 183-196, 2014.
- Hans Antonsona, A. Jägerbrand ve C. Ahlström, ”Experiencing Moose and Landscape While Driving: A Simulator and Questionnaire Study,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, 41, pp. 91-100, 2015.
- C. Ahlström, A. Anund, C. Fors, and T. Åkerstedt, “The effect of daylight versus darkness on driver sleepiness: a driving simulator study,” J. Sleep Res., vol. 27, no. 3, p. e12642, Jun. 2018.
- A. Dosovitskiy, G. Ros, F. Codevilla, A. Lopez, and V. Koltun, “CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulator,” ArXivID: 1711.03938, Nov. 2017.
- W. Wang, Q. Cheng, C. Li, D. André, and X. Jiang, “A cross-cultural analysis of driving behavior under critical situations: A driving simulator study,” Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav., vol. 62, pp. 483–493, Apr. 2019.
- I. Oztel Ve C. Oz, “Developing a Virtual Driving Simulator for Educational Purposes,” Balkan Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering, 2, no. 2, pp. 51-54, 2014.
- L. MeulenerS ve M. Fraser, “A Validation Study of Driving Errors Using a Driving Simulator,” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 29, pp. 14-21, 2015.
- F. Bella, A. Calvi ve F. D'Amico, “Analysis of Driver Speeds Under Night Driving Conditions Using a Driving Simulator,” Journal of Safety Research, 49, pp. 45-52, 2014.
- T. Imamura, T. Ogi, E. T. C. Lun, Z. Zhang Ve T. Miyake, “Trial Study of Traffic Safety Education for High School Students Using Driving Simulator,” in Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2013.
- P. Backlund, H. Engstrom, M. Johannesson Ve M. Lebram, “Games and Traffic Safety - an Experimental Study in a Game-Based Simulation Environment,” Information Visualization, 2007. IV '07. 11th International Conference, Zurich, 2007.
- F. Rosey ve J.-M. Auberlet, “Driving Simulator Configuration Impacts Drivers’ Behavior And Control Performance: An Example with Studies of a Rural Intersection,” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 27, pp. 99-111, 2014.
- J. Lauritsen and M. Hansen, “PW 2532 Use of a car-driving simulator in rehabilitation and driving assessment of patients after trauma,” in Abstracts, 2018, p. A260.2-A261.
- W. Wang, Q. Cheng, C. Li, D. André, and X. Jiang, “A cross-cultural analysis of driving behavior under critical situations: A driving simulator study,” Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav., vol. 62, pp. 483–493, Apr. 2019.
- The General Directorate of Security, “2019 Yılı Trafik Ceza Rehberi,”. [Online]. Available: https://www.egm.gov.tr/trafik-cezalari-hakkinda-bilgi-almak-istiyorum. [Accessed: 09/08/2019].
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Elektrik Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Ağustos 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 18 Temmuz 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 |
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